Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a disease that damage the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual signals from the eye to the brain. This damage can cause vision loss or even blindness if left untreated. Glaucoma is a common condition, affecting around 3 million Indians, and it is a leading cause of blindness worldwide.

There are several different types of glaucoma, but the most common is open-angle glaucoma. This condition occurs when the fluid inside the eye (aqueous humor) does not drain properly, causing pressure to build up in the eye. Over time, this pressure can damage the optic nerve and cause vision loss. Other types of glaucoma include angle-closure glaucoma, which occurs when the iris blocks the drainage angle in the eye, and secondary glaucoma, which is caused by another underlying condition such as diabetes or a tumor.

Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing vision loss from glaucoma. Regular eye exams, especially for people over the age of 40 or those with a family history of glaucoma, can help detect the condition early on. Treatment options for glaucoma may include eye drops, laser therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition.

In addition to treatment, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and avoiding smoking can help reduce the risk of developing glaucoma or slow its progression. Overall, glaucoma is a serious eye condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. By working with an eye doctor and following the recommended treatment plan, patients with glaucoma can help preserve their vision and maintain their quality of life.